DNA Methylation Profile of Breast Cancer Cell via Hif-1α Regulation of DNA Methyltransferase

Abstract

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the cells of the breast. It is the most common type of cancer in women, although it can also occur in men. Hif-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha) is a transcription factor that plays a central role in the response to low oxygen levels (hypoxia). DNA methylation is an important regulatory mechanism in the cell where in breast cancer cells, HIF-1α has
been found to play a role in the DNA methylation profile, potentially influencing the way that genes are expressed and contributing to the development and progression of the cancer. The area of studying the anticancer effect of GQDs is attracting growing attention because of its valuable properties. Especially due to its nano-sized sheets, it tends to infiltrate the cell nucleus and interfere with DNA
function due to its ultra-small size. the results emphasize the validity of using GQDs as anticancer agent, with varied concentrations of GQDs inhibiting the development of human breast. To achieve this aim, we conducted the study on MCF-7 cell lines, and evaluate the cytotoxicity of different concentration of graphene quantum dots by MTT assay, RNA extracted from MCF-7 cell lines by Qiagen method and reverse transcriptase to cDNA to observe the expression of Hif-1α and DNA Methyltransferase (DNMT) by Real time PCR (RT-PCR). The results showed that different concentration of GQDs do affect the regulation of Hif-1α and DNMT and hence can stop the breast cancer pathway.