Prevalence and Types of Arrhythmias in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintainence Hemodialysis

Abstract

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are predisposed to arrhythmia, including atrial fibrillation (AF)/atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardias, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death (SCD). The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence and types of arrhythmias and associated clinical characteristics in patients with end stage renal disease on maintainence
hemodialysis. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with CKD on hemodialysis. 12 leads ECG and Echocardiography were done to all patients. 48-hour Holter monitoring was done if ECG showed no abnormality in the rhythm. Results: There was an insignificant correlation between heart rate and potassium, ionized calcium, magnesium, phosphate, PTH, BUN and creatinine. There was a significant negative correlation between heart rate and hemoglobin. There was a significant positive correlation between heart rate and sodium. There was an insignificant correlation between supraventricular arrhythmias and laboratory parameters. There was a significant negative correlation between potassium and atrial fibrillation. Hypernatremia and high P_o4 - ² and normal PTH were significantly different with SVT. (P value <0.001, 0.011 and 0.009 respectively). Conclusion: Hemodialysis may be responsible for the high rate of sudden mortality. Hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), and corrected QT interval (QTc) dispersion are independent predictors of complex ventricular Arrhythmia (CVA), and duration of dialysis therapy is an independent factor affecting APC development in these patients.